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Very Wide Range Tunable CMOS/Bipolar

Current Mirrors with Voltage Clamped Input

Teresa Serrano-Gotarredona, Bernab´ e Linares-Barranco,

and Andreas G. Andreou

Abstract—In low power current mode signal processing circuits it is

often necessary to use current mirrors to replicate and amplify/attenuate

current signals and clamp the voltage of nodes with high parasitic

capacitances so that the smallest currents do not introduce unacceptable

delays. The use of tunable active-input current mirrors would meet

both requirements. In conventional active-input current mirrors, stability

compensation is required. Furthermore, once stabilized, the input current

cannot be made arbitrarily small. In this paper we introduce two new

active-input current mirrors that clamp their input node to a given

voltage. One of them does not require compensation, while the other may

under some circumstances. However, for both, the input current may

take any value. The mirrors can operate with their transistors biased in

strong inversion, weak inversion, or even as CMOS compatible lateral

bipolar devices. If it is biased in weak inversion or as lateral bipolars, the

current mirror gain can be tuned over a very wide range. According to

the experimental measurements provided in this paper, the input current

may spawn beyond nine decades and the current mirror gain can be

tuned over 11 decades. As an application example, a sinusoidal gm gm gm-Cbased VCO has been fabricated, whose oscillation frequency could be

tuned for over seven decades, between 74 mHz and 1 MHz.

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